diff --git a/docs/modernization/debt.md b/docs/modernization/debt.md
index d4cd147e..5051109c 100644
--- a/docs/modernization/debt.md
+++ b/docs/modernization/debt.md
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ agent or engineer to remove them without reconstructing context from chat.
 
 ## Recent Reductions
 
+- 2026-06-15: `DEBT-0036` was narrowed again. `NodeStrokePreview` now drops the
+  retained pass-sequence, mix-execution, final-composite-request, background
+  capture, and preview-copy wrapper structs/functions in favor of direct
+  retained helper dispatch plus renderer-facing preview copy helpers; the live
+  preview path still owns concrete framebuffer, texture-binding, and draw
+  execution around those helpers.
 - 2026-06-14: `DEBT-0036` was narrowed again. `Canvas::stroke_commit()` now
   routes the retained pre-dispatch state capture through local commit helpers;
   the live path still owns concrete layer/action mutation until the retained
diff --git a/src/canvas.cpp b/src/canvas.cpp
index 480508c2..2f721824 100644
--- a/src/canvas.cpp
+++ b/src/canvas.cpp
@@ -1741,18 +1741,79 @@ void Canvas::stroke_draw_dual_pass(
 }
 
 pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeMainPassExecutionRequest Canvas::make_stroke_draw_main_pass_request(
+    const Brush& brush,
     std::function<void()> bind_samplers,
-    std::function<void()> bind_textures,
     std::function<void()> execute_frame_pass,
-    std::function<void()> unbind_textures,
     std::function<void()> unbind_samplers)
 {
+    constexpr std::array main_pass_texture_bindings {
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::brush_tip,
+            .slot = 0,
+        },
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::stroke_destination,
+            .slot = 1,
+        },
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::pattern,
+            .slot = 2,
+        },
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::mixer,
+            .slot = 3,
+        },
+    };
+    constexpr std::array main_pass_texture_unbindings {
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::mixer,
+            .slot = 3,
+        },
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::stroke_destination,
+            .slot = 1,
+        },
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
+            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::brush_tip,
+            .slot = 0,
+        },
+    };
+    const auto main_pass_texture_dispatch = pp::panopainter::make_legacy_canvas_stroke_main_pass_texture_dispatch(
+        [&](int texture_slot) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(texture_slot);
+        },
+        [&] {
+            brush.m_tip_texture->bind();
+        },
+        [&] {
+            brush.m_tip_texture->unbind();
+        },
+        [&] {
+            brush.m_pattern_texture ?
+                brush.m_pattern_texture->bind() :
+                unbind_texture_2d();
+        },
+        [&] {
+            m_mixer.bindTexture();
+        },
+        [&] {
+            m_mixer.unbindTexture();
+        });
+
     return pp::panopainter::make_legacy_canvas_stroke_main_pass_execution_request(
         "Canvas::stroke_draw",
         std::move(bind_samplers),
-        std::move(bind_textures),
+        [&] {
+            pp::panopainter::bind_legacy_canvas_stroke_texture_inputs(
+                main_pass_texture_bindings,
+                main_pass_texture_dispatch);
+        },
         std::move(execute_frame_pass),
-        std::move(unbind_textures),
+        [&] {
+            pp::panopainter::unbind_legacy_canvas_stroke_texture_inputs(
+                main_pass_texture_unbindings,
+                main_pass_texture_dispatch);
+        },
         std::move(unbind_samplers));
 }
 
@@ -1872,20 +1933,6 @@ void Canvas::stroke_draw()
         });
 
     // DRAW MAIN BRUSH
-    constexpr std::array main_pass_texture_bindings {
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
-            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::brush_tip,
-            .slot = 0,
-        },
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
-            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::pattern,
-            .slot = 2,
-        },
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
-            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::mixer,
-            .slot = 3,
-        },
-    };
     constexpr std::array live_pass_sampler_bindings {
         pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
             .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::brush_tip,
@@ -1904,16 +1951,6 @@ void Canvas::stroke_draw()
             .slot = 3,
         },
     };
-    constexpr std::array main_pass_texture_unbindings {
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
-            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::mixer,
-            .slot = 3,
-        },
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureBinding {
-            .input = pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeTextureInput::brush_tip,
-            .slot = 0,
-        },
-    };
     const pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeSamplerDispatch live_pass_sampler_dispatch =
         pp::panopainter::make_legacy_canvas_stroke_live_pass_sampler_dispatch(
             [&](int slot) {
@@ -1937,30 +1974,9 @@ void Canvas::stroke_draw()
             [&](int slot) {
                 m_sampler.bind(slot);
             },
-            [&] {
-                m_sampler.unbind();
-            });
-    const auto main_pass_texture_dispatch = pp::panopainter::make_legacy_canvas_stroke_main_pass_texture_dispatch(
-            [&](int texture_slot) {
-                set_active_texture_unit(texture_slot);
-            },
-            [&] {
-                brush->m_tip_texture->bind();
-            },
-            [&] {
-                brush->m_tip_texture->unbind();
-            },
-            [&] {
-                brush->m_pattern_texture ?
-                    brush->m_pattern_texture->bind() :
-                    unbind_texture_2d();
-            },
-            [&] {
-                m_mixer.bindTexture();
-            },
-            [&] {
-                m_mixer.unbindTexture();
-            });
+                [&] {
+                    m_sampler.unbind();
+                });
     auto frames = stroke_draw_compute(*m_current_stroke);
     
     std::array<glm::vec4, 6> box_face = SIXPLETTE(glm::vec4(m_size, 0, 0));
@@ -1970,16 +1986,12 @@ void Canvas::stroke_draw()
     [[maybe_unused]] const auto main_pass_result =
         pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_canvas_stroke_main_pass(
             make_stroke_draw_main_pass_request(
+                *brush,
                 [&] {
                     pp::panopainter::bind_legacy_canvas_stroke_sampler_inputs(
                         live_pass_sampler_bindings,
                         live_pass_sampler_dispatch);
                 },
-                [&] {
-                    pp::panopainter::bind_legacy_canvas_stroke_texture_inputs(
-                        main_pass_texture_bindings,
-                        main_pass_texture_dispatch);
-                },
                 [&] {
                     pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_canvas_stroke_main_pass_frame_callbacks(
                         frames,
@@ -2010,11 +2022,6 @@ void Canvas::stroke_draw()
                         },
                         m_tmp);
                 },
-                [&] {
-                    pp::panopainter::unbind_legacy_canvas_stroke_texture_inputs(
-                        main_pass_texture_unbindings,
-                        main_pass_texture_dispatch);
-                },
                 [&] {
                     pp::panopainter::unbind_legacy_canvas_stroke_sampler_inputs(
                         live_pass_sampler_bindings,
diff --git a/src/canvas.h b/src/canvas.h
index f0953f63..c2fff1b9 100644
--- a/src/canvas.h
+++ b/src/canvas.h
@@ -295,10 +295,9 @@ private:
         bool uses_pattern,
         bool copy_stroke_destination);
     pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeMainPassExecutionRequest make_stroke_draw_main_pass_request(
+        const Brush& brush,
         std::function<void()> bind_samplers,
-        std::function<void()> bind_textures,
         std::function<void()> execute_frame_pass,
-        std::function<void()> unbind_textures,
         std::function<void()> unbind_samplers);
     pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeDualPassRequest make_stroke_draw_dual_pass_request(
         const std::vector<StrokeFrame>& frames_dual,
diff --git a/src/legacy_canvas_stroke_preview_services.h b/src/legacy_canvas_stroke_preview_services.h
index d0762807..72fc0a08 100644
--- a/src/legacy_canvas_stroke_preview_services.h
+++ b/src/legacy_canvas_stroke_preview_services.h
@@ -5,11 +5,6 @@
 
 namespace pp::panopainter {
 
-struct LegacyStrokePreviewCopySize {
-    int width = 0;
-    int height = 0;
-};
-
 struct LegacyVrColorUniforms {
     glm::vec4 color { 1.0f };
     glm::mat4 mvp { 1.0f };
@@ -40,24 +35,6 @@ inline void setup_legacy_vr_stroke_preview_shader(const LegacyVrStrokePreviewUni
     ShaderManager::u_mat4(kShaderUniform::MVP, uniforms.mvp);
 }
 
-template <
-    typename SetupCheckerboard,
-    typename DrawPlane,
-    typename BindBackgroundTexture,
-    typename CopyFramebufferToTexture>
-void execute_legacy_stroke_preview_background_capture(
-    SetupCheckerboard&& setup_checkerboard,
-    DrawPlane&& draw_plane,
-    BindBackgroundTexture&& bind_background_texture,
-    CopyFramebufferToTexture&& copy_framebuffer_to_texture,
-    LegacyStrokePreviewCopySize copy_size)
-{
-    setup_checkerboard();
-    draw_plane();
-    bind_background_texture();
-    copy_framebuffer_to_texture(0, 0, 0, 0, copy_size.width, copy_size.height);
-}
-
 template <
     typename SetupCompositeShader,
     typename BindCompositeSamplers,
@@ -100,14 +77,4 @@ void execute_legacy_stroke_preview_live_pass(
     copy_preview_result();
 }
 
-template <typename BindPreviewTexture, typename CopyFramebufferToTexture>
-void copy_legacy_stroke_preview_texture(
-    BindPreviewTexture&& bind_preview_texture,
-    CopyFramebufferToTexture&& copy_framebuffer_to_texture,
-    LegacyStrokePreviewCopySize copy_size)
-{
-    bind_preview_texture();
-    copy_framebuffer_to_texture(0, 0, 0, 0, copy_size.width, copy_size.height);
-}
-
 } // namespace pp::panopainter
diff --git a/src/legacy_node_stroke_preview_execution_services.h b/src/legacy_node_stroke_preview_execution_services.h
index 8d3294b3..c22e378f 100644
--- a/src/legacy_node_stroke_preview_execution_services.h
+++ b/src/legacy_node_stroke_preview_execution_services.h
@@ -92,24 +92,6 @@ struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassRequest {
     int blend_mode = 0;
 };
 
-struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest {
-    LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan::ShaderPlan shader {};
-    int mixer_width = 0;
-    int mixer_height = 0;
-    int scissor_x = 0;
-    int scissor_y = 0;
-    int scissor_width = 0;
-    int scissor_height = 0;
-    std::function<void()> save_state;
-    std::function<void(const LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan::ShaderPlan&)> setup_mix_shader;
-    std::function<void()> bind_mixer_framebuffer;
-    std::function<void(int, int, int, int, int, int)> configure_mix_target_state;
-    std::function<void()> bind_mix_inputs;
-    std::function<void()> draw_mix;
-    std::function<void()> unbind_mixer_framebuffer;
-    std::function<void()> restore_state;
-};
-
 [[nodiscard]] inline LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan plan_legacy_node_stroke_preview_mix_pass(
     const LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassRequest& request) noexcept
 {
@@ -153,80 +135,6 @@ struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest {
     return plan;
 }
 
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_mix_pass(
-    const LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest& request)
-{
-    if (request.mixer_width <= 0 ||
-        request.mixer_height <= 0 ||
-        !request.save_state ||
-        !request.setup_mix_shader ||
-        !request.bind_mixer_framebuffer ||
-        !request.configure_mix_target_state ||
-        !request.bind_mix_inputs ||
-        !request.draw_mix ||
-        !request.unbind_mixer_framebuffer ||
-        !request.restore_state) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    request.save_state();
-    request.setup_mix_shader(request.shader);
-    request.bind_mixer_framebuffer();
-    request.configure_mix_target_state(
-        request.mixer_width,
-        request.mixer_height,
-        request.scissor_x,
-        request.scissor_y,
-        request.scissor_width,
-        request.scissor_height);
-    request.bind_mix_inputs();
-    request.draw_mix();
-    request.unbind_mixer_framebuffer();
-    request.restore_state();
-    return true;
-}
-
-struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassSequenceRequest {
-    bool dual_pass_enabled = false;
-    std::function<void()> prepare_dual_pass;
-    std::function<void()> execute_dual_pass;
-    std::function<void()> capture_background;
-    std::function<void()> prepare_main_pass;
-    std::function<void()> execute_main_pass;
-    std::function<void()> finish_main_pass;
-    std::function<void()> execute_final_composite;
-    std::function<void()> copy_preview_result;
-};
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_pass_sequence(
-    const LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassSequenceRequest& request)
-{
-    if (!request.capture_background ||
-        !request.prepare_main_pass ||
-        !request.execute_main_pass ||
-        !request.finish_main_pass ||
-        !request.execute_final_composite ||
-        !request.copy_preview_result) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (request.dual_pass_enabled) {
-        if (!request.prepare_dual_pass || !request.execute_dual_pass) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        request.prepare_dual_pass();
-        request.execute_dual_pass();
-    }
-
-    request.capture_background();
-    request.prepare_main_pass();
-    request.execute_main_pass();
-    request.finish_main_pass();
-    request.execute_final_composite();
-    request.copy_preview_result();
-    return true;
-}
-
 struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassOrchestrationPlan {
     pp::paint_renderer::CanvasStrokeFeedbackPlan feedback {};
     pp::paint_renderer::CanvasStrokeMaterialPlan material {};
@@ -244,69 +152,6 @@ struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMainPassTextureDispatch {
     std::function<void()> bind_mixer;
 };
 
-struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewFinalCompositeRequest {
-    glm::vec2 resolution {};
-    glm::vec2 pattern_scale {};
-    const Brush* brush = nullptr;
-    const pp::paint_renderer::CanvasStrokeCompositePassPlan* composite_pass = nullptr;
-    std::function<void()> setup_composite_shader;
-    std::function<void()> bind_composite_samplers;
-    std::function<void()> bind_composite_inputs;
-    std::function<void()> draw_composite;
-};
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_final_composite(
-    const LegacyNodeStrokePreviewFinalCompositeRequest& request)
-{
-    if (!request.brush ||
-        !request.composite_pass ||
-        !request.setup_composite_shader ||
-        !request.bind_composite_samplers ||
-        !request.bind_composite_inputs ||
-        !request.draw_composite) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_stroke_preview_final_composite(
-        [&] {
-            request.setup_composite_shader();
-        },
-        [&] {
-            request.bind_composite_samplers();
-        },
-        [&] {
-            request.bind_composite_inputs();
-        },
-        [&] {
-            request.draw_composite();
-        });
-    return true;
-}
-
-struct LegacyNodeStrokePreviewCopyResultRequest {
-    Texture2D* preview_texture = nullptr;
-    glm::vec2 size {};
-    std::function<void(int, int, int, int, int, int)> copy_framebuffer_to_texture;
-};
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool copy_legacy_node_stroke_preview_result(
-    const LegacyNodeStrokePreviewCopyResultRequest& request)
-{
-    if (!request.preview_texture || !request.copy_framebuffer_to_texture) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    pp::panopainter::copy_legacy_stroke_preview_texture(
-        [&] {
-            request.preview_texture->bind();
-        },
-        request.copy_framebuffer_to_texture,
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyStrokePreviewCopySize {
-            .width = static_cast<int>(request.size.x),
-            .height = static_cast<int>(request.size.y),
-        });
-    return true;
-}
-
 [[nodiscard]] inline LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMainPassTextureDispatch make_legacy_node_stroke_preview_main_pass_texture_dispatch(
     std::function<void(int)> activate_texture_unit,
     std::function<void()> bind_brush_tip,
diff --git a/src/node_stroke_preview.cpp b/src/node_stroke_preview.cpp
index b09d0935..939780e1 100644
--- a/src/node_stroke_preview.cpp
+++ b/src/node_stroke_preview.cpp
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ pp::panopainter::LegacyStrokeCompositeUniforms make_stroke_preview_mix_composite
     };
 }
 
-pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest make_stroke_preview_mix_execution_request(
+pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeMixPassRequest make_stroke_preview_mix_pass_execution_request(
     const pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan::ShaderPlan& shader,
     RTT& mixer_rtt,
     const Brush& brush,
@@ -181,39 +181,18 @@ pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest make_stroke_preview_
     Texture2D& background_texture,
     Texture2D& stroke_texture,
     Texture2D& dual_texture,
-    gl_state& gl,
-    const glm::vec2& bb_min,
-    const glm::vec2& bb_sz,
+    std::span<const pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeMixPassPlane> mix_planes,
     std::function<void()> draw_mix)
 {
-    return pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest {
-        .shader = shader,
-        .mixer_width = mixer_rtt.getWidth(),
-        .mixer_height = mixer_rtt.getHeight(),
-        .scissor_x = static_cast<int>(bb_min.x),
-        .scissor_y = static_cast<int>(bb_min.y),
-        .scissor_width = static_cast<int>(bb_sz.x),
-        .scissor_height = static_cast<int>(bb_sz.y),
-        .save_state = [&] { gl.save(); },
-        .setup_mix_shader = [&](const pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan::ShaderPlan& shader_plan) {
-            pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_stroke_composite_shader(
-                make_stroke_preview_mix_composite_uniforms(shader_plan));
-        },
-        .bind_mixer_framebuffer = [&] { mixer_rtt.bindFramebuffer(); },
-        .configure_mix_target_state = [&](int mixer_width,
-                                          int mixer_height,
-                                          int scissor_x,
-                                          int scissor_y,
-                                          int scissor_width,
-                                          int scissor_height) {
-            apply_stroke_preview_viewport(0, 0, mixer_width, mixer_height);
-            apply_stroke_preview_capability(pp::renderer::gl::depth_test_state(), false);
-            apply_stroke_preview_capability(pp::renderer::gl::scissor_test_state(), true);
-            apply_stroke_preview_capability(pp::renderer::gl::blend_state(), false);
-            apply_stroke_preview_scissor(scissor_x, scissor_y, scissor_width, scissor_height);
-        },
-        .bind_mix_inputs = [&] {
+    return pp::panopainter::make_legacy_canvas_stroke_mix_pass_request(
+        "NodeStrokePreview::stroke_draw_mix",
+        glm::vec2(static_cast<float>(mixer_rtt.getWidth()), static_cast<float>(mixer_rtt.getHeight())),
+        mix_planes,
+        [&] {
             linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kBackground);
+            linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kStroke);
+            linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kDual);
+            linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kPattern);
             set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kBackground);
             background_texture.bind();
             set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kStroke);
@@ -223,21 +202,48 @@ pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest make_stroke_preview_
             set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kPattern);
             brush.m_pattern_texture ? brush.m_pattern_texture->bind() : unbind_texture_2d();
         },
-        .draw_mix = std::move(draw_mix),
-        .unbind_mixer_framebuffer = [&] { mixer_rtt.unbindFramebuffer(); },
-        .restore_state = [&] { gl.restore(); },
-    };
+        [] {},
+        [&](int, const glm::mat4& plane_mvp) {
+            auto uniforms = make_stroke_preview_mix_composite_uniforms(shader);
+            uniforms.mvp = plane_mvp;
+            pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_stroke_composite_shader(uniforms);
+        },
+        [&](int) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kBackground);
+            background_texture.bind();
+        },
+        [&](int) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kStroke);
+            stroke_texture.bind();
+        },
+        [&](int) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kDual);
+            dual_texture.bind();
+        },
+        std::move(draw_mix),
+        [&](int) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kDual);
+            dual_texture.unbind();
+        },
+        [&](int) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kStroke);
+            stroke_texture.unbind();
+        },
+        [&](int) {
+            set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kBackground);
+            background_texture.unbind();
+        });
 }
 
-pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewFinalCompositeRequest make_stroke_preview_final_composite_request(
-    const StrokePreviewCompositePassInputs& inputs)
+void copy_stroke_preview_result_to_texture(Texture2D& texture, glm::vec2 size);
+
+void execute_stroke_preview_final_composite_and_copy(
+    const StrokePreviewCompositePassInputs& inputs,
+    Texture2D& preview_texture,
+    glm::vec2 size)
 {
-    return pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewFinalCompositeRequest {
-        .resolution = inputs.resolution,
-        .pattern_scale = inputs.pattern_scale,
-        .brush = &inputs.brush,
-        .composite_pass = &inputs.composite_pass,
-        .setup_composite_shader = [&] {
+    pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_stroke_preview_final_composite(
+        [&] {
             pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_stroke_composite_shader(
                 pp::panopainter::LegacyStrokeCompositeUniforms {
                     .resolution = inputs.resolution,
@@ -262,14 +268,14 @@ pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewFinalCompositeRequest make_stroke_previe
                     .use_pattern = inputs.composite_pass.use_pattern,
                 });
         },
-        .bind_composite_samplers = [&] {
+        [&] {
             inputs.linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kBackground);
             inputs.linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kStroke);
             inputs.linear_sampler.bind(2U);
             inputs.linear_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kDual);
             inputs.repeat_sampler.bind(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kPattern);
         },
-        .bind_composite_inputs = [&] {
+        [&] {
             set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kBackground);
             inputs.background_texture.bind();
             set_active_texture_unit(stroke_preview_composite_slots::kStroke);
@@ -281,28 +287,9 @@ pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewFinalCompositeRequest make_stroke_previe
                 inputs.brush.m_pattern_texture->bind() :
                 unbind_texture_2d();
         },
-        .draw_composite = [&] {
+        [&] {
             inputs.draw_composite();
-        },
-    };
-}
-
-void execute_stroke_preview_final_composite_pass(const StrokePreviewCompositePassInputs& inputs)
-{
-    [[maybe_unused]] const bool composite_ok =
-        pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_final_composite(
-            make_stroke_preview_final_composite_request(inputs));
-    assert(composite_ok);
-}
-
-void copy_stroke_preview_result_to_texture(Texture2D& texture, glm::vec2 size);
-
-void execute_stroke_preview_final_composite_and_copy(
-    const StrokePreviewCompositePassInputs& inputs,
-    Texture2D& preview_texture,
-    glm::vec2 size)
-{
-    execute_stroke_preview_final_composite_pass(inputs);
+        });
     copy_stroke_preview_result_to_texture(preview_texture, size);
 }
 
@@ -486,18 +473,14 @@ void execute_stroke_preview_background_capture_pass(
     Texture2D& background_texture,
     const std::function<void()>& draw_checkerboard)
 {
-    pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_stroke_preview_background_capture(
-        [&] {
-            const float aspect = size.x / size.y;
-            pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_canvas_draw_merge_checkerboard_shader(
-                pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasDrawMergeCheckerboardUniforms {
-                    .mvp = glm::ortho(-.5f, .5f, -.5f / aspect, .5f / aspect, -1.f, 1.f),
-                    .colorize = colorize,
-                });
-        },
-        [&] {
-            draw_checkerboard();
-        },
+    const float aspect = size.x / size.y;
+    pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_canvas_draw_merge_checkerboard_shader(
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasDrawMergeCheckerboardUniforms {
+            .mvp = glm::ortho(-.5f, .5f, -.5f / aspect, .5f / aspect, -1.f, 1.f),
+            .colorize = colorize,
+        });
+    draw_checkerboard();
+    const auto copy_status = pp::paint_renderer::copy_stroke_preview_result_to_texture(
         [&] {
             background_texture.bind();
         },
@@ -510,30 +493,27 @@ void execute_stroke_preview_background_capture_pass(
             int height) {
             copy_framebuffer_to_texture_2d(src_x, src_y, dst_x, dst_y, width, height);
         },
-        pp::panopainter::LegacyStrokePreviewCopySize {
+        pp::paint_renderer::StrokePreviewCopySize {
             .width = static_cast<int>(size.x),
             .height = static_cast<int>(size.y),
         });
+    assert(copy_status.ok());
 }
 
 void copy_stroke_preview_result_to_texture(Texture2D& preview_texture, glm::vec2 size)
 {
-    [[maybe_unused]] const bool copy_ok =
-        pp::panopainter::copy_legacy_node_stroke_preview_result(
-            pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewCopyResultRequest {
-                .preview_texture = &preview_texture,
-                .size = size,
-                .copy_framebuffer_to_texture = [](
-                    int src_x,
-                    int src_y,
-                    int dst_x,
-                    int dst_y,
-                    int width,
-                    int height) {
-                    copy_framebuffer_to_texture_2d(src_x, src_y, dst_x, dst_y, width, height);
-                },
-            });
-    assert(copy_ok);
+    const auto result = pp::paint_renderer::copy_stroke_preview_result_to_texture(
+        [&] {
+            preview_texture.bind();
+        },
+        [](int src_x, int src_y, int dst_x, int dst_y, int width, int height) {
+            copy_framebuffer_to_texture_2d(src_x, src_y, dst_x, dst_y, width, height);
+        },
+        pp::paint_renderer::StrokePreviewCopySize {
+            .width = static_cast<int>(size.x),
+            .height = static_cast<int>(size.y),
+        });
+    assert(result.ok());
 }
 
 }
@@ -617,14 +597,47 @@ void NodeStrokePreview::stroke_draw_mix(const glm::vec2& bb_min, const glm::vec2
     const auto& b = m_brush;
     const auto mix_pass = pp::panopainter::plan_legacy_node_stroke_preview_mix_pass(
         make_stroke_preview_mix_pass_request(*b, m_size));
+    const auto mix_planes = std::array {
+        pp::panopainter::LegacyCanvasStrokeMixPassPlane {
+            .index = 0,
+            .visible = true,
+            .has_target = true,
+            .opacity = 1.0f,
+            .mvp = glm::ortho(-.5f, .5f, -.5f, .5f, -1.f, 1.f),
+        },
+    };
     gl_state gl;
-    [[maybe_unused]] const bool mix_ok = pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_mix_pass(
-        make_stroke_draw_mix_execution_request(
-            mix_pass,
-            gl,
-            bb_min,
-            bb_sz));
-    assert(mix_ok);
+    const auto mix_result = pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_canvas_stroke_mix_pass_with_setup(
+        [&] {
+            apply_stroke_preview_viewport(0, 0, m_rtt_mixer.getWidth(), m_rtt_mixer.getHeight());
+            apply_stroke_preview_capability(pp::renderer::gl::depth_test_state(), false);
+            apply_stroke_preview_capability(pp::renderer::gl::scissor_test_state(), true);
+            apply_stroke_preview_capability(pp::renderer::gl::blend_state(), false);
+            apply_stroke_preview_scissor(
+                static_cast<std::int32_t>(bb_min.x),
+                static_cast<std::int32_t>(bb_min.y),
+                static_cast<std::int32_t>(bb_sz.x),
+                static_cast<std::int32_t>(bb_sz.y));
+            gl.save();
+            m_rtt_mixer.bindFramebuffer();
+        },
+        [&] {
+            m_rtt_mixer.unbindFramebuffer();
+            gl.restore();
+        },
+        make_stroke_preview_mix_pass_execution_request(
+            mix_pass.shader,
+            m_rtt_mixer,
+            *m_brush,
+            m_sampler_linear,
+            m_tex_background,
+            m_tex,
+            m_tex_dual,
+            mix_planes,
+            [this] {
+                m_plane.draw_fill();
+            }));
+    assert(mix_result.ok);
 }
 
 glm::vec4 NodeStrokePreview::stroke_draw_samples(
@@ -792,16 +805,60 @@ void NodeStrokePreview::draw_stroke_immediate()
     const auto& material = pass_orchestration.material;
     pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_stroke_shader(pass_orchestration.stroke_shader);
 
-    const bool sequence_ok = pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_pass_sequence(
-        make_stroke_draw_immediate_pass_sequence_request(
-            m_stroke,
-            m_dual_stroke,
-            *b,
-            pass_orchestration,
-            dual_brush,
-            copy_stroke_destination,
-            zoom,
-            size));
+    const bool sequence_ok = [&] {
+        if (pass_orchestration.material.dual_pass.enabled) {
+            pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_stroke_dual_shader(
+                pass_orchestration.material.dual_pass.uses_pattern);
+            bind_stroke_preview_dual_pass_textures(*dual_brush);
+            execute_stroke_draw_immediate_dual_pass(
+                m_dual_stroke,
+                *b,
+                pass_orchestration,
+                std::move(dual_brush),
+                copy_stroke_destination,
+                zoom,
+                size);
+        }
+
+        execute_stroke_preview_background_capture_pass(
+            size,
+            pass_orchestration.background_colorize,
+            m_tex_background,
+            [&] {
+                m_plane.draw_fill();
+            });
+
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool main_live_ok =
+            pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_main_live_pass(
+                make_stroke_draw_immediate_main_live_pass_request(
+                    m_stroke,
+                    *b,
+                    pass_orchestration,
+                    copy_stroke_destination,
+                    zoom,
+                    size));
+        if (!main_live_ok) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        execute_stroke_preview_final_composite_and_copy(
+            StrokePreviewCompositePassInputs(
+                size,
+                glm::vec2(b->m_pattern_scale),
+                *b,
+                material.composite_pass,
+                m_tex_background,
+                m_tex,
+                m_tex_dual,
+                m_sampler_linear,
+                m_sampler_linear_repeat,
+                [&] {
+                    m_plane.draw_fill();
+                }),
+            m_tex_preview,
+            size);
+        return true;
+    }();
     assert(sequence_ok);
 
     m_rtt.unbindFramebuffer();
@@ -913,79 +970,6 @@ void NodeStrokePreview::execute_stroke_draw_immediate_dual_pass(
         });
 }
 
-pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassSequenceRequest
-NodeStrokePreview::make_stroke_draw_immediate_pass_sequence_request(
-    Stroke& stroke,
-    Stroke& dual_stroke,
-    const Brush& brush,
-    const pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassOrchestrationPlan& pass_orchestration,
-    std::shared_ptr<Brush> dual_brush,
-    bool copy_stroke_destination,
-    float zoom,
-    const glm::vec2& size)
-{
-    const auto& material = pass_orchestration.material;
-    return pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassSequenceRequest {
-        .dual_pass_enabled = material.dual_pass.enabled,
-        .prepare_dual_pass = [&] {
-            pp::panopainter::setup_legacy_stroke_dual_shader(material.dual_pass.uses_pattern);
-            bind_stroke_preview_dual_pass_textures(*dual_brush);
-        },
-        .execute_dual_pass = [&] {
-            execute_stroke_draw_immediate_dual_pass(
-                dual_stroke,
-                brush,
-                pass_orchestration,
-                dual_brush,
-                copy_stroke_destination,
-                zoom,
-                size);
-        },
-        .capture_background = [&] {
-            execute_stroke_preview_background_capture_pass(
-                size,
-                pass_orchestration.background_colorize,
-                m_tex_background,
-                [&] {
-                    m_plane.draw_fill();
-                });
-        },
-        .prepare_main_pass = [&] {},
-        .execute_main_pass = [&] {
-            [[maybe_unused]] const bool main_live_ok =
-                pp::panopainter::execute_legacy_node_stroke_preview_main_live_pass(
-                    make_stroke_draw_immediate_main_live_pass_request(
-                        stroke,
-                        brush,
-                        pass_orchestration,
-                        copy_stroke_destination,
-                        zoom,
-                        size));
-        },
-        .finish_main_pass = [&] {},
-        .execute_final_composite = [&] {
-            std::function<void()> draw_composite = [&] {
-                m_plane.draw_fill();
-            };
-            execute_stroke_preview_final_composite_and_copy(
-                StrokePreviewCompositePassInputs(
-                    size,
-                    glm::vec2(brush.m_pattern_scale),
-                    brush,
-                    material.composite_pass,
-                    m_tex_background,
-                    m_tex,
-                    m_tex_dual,
-                    m_sampler_linear,
-                    m_sampler_linear_repeat,
-                    std::move(draw_composite)),
-                m_tex_preview,
-                size);
-        },
-        .copy_preview_result = [&] {},
-    };
-}
-
 void NodeStrokePreview::execute_stroke_draw_immediate_main_live_sample_pass(
     const Brush& brush,
     bool copy_stroke_destination,
@@ -1004,29 +988,6 @@ void NodeStrokePreview::execute_stroke_draw_immediate_main_live_sample_pass(
         });
 }
 
-pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest
-NodeStrokePreview::make_stroke_draw_mix_execution_request(
-    const pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan& mix_pass,
-    gl_state& gl,
-    const glm::vec2& bb_min,
-    const glm::vec2& bb_sz)
-{
-    return make_stroke_preview_mix_execution_request(
-        mix_pass.shader,
-        m_rtt_mixer,
-        *m_brush,
-        m_sampler_linear,
-        m_tex_background,
-        m_tex,
-        m_tex_dual,
-        gl,
-        bb_min,
-        bb_sz,
-        [this] {
-            m_plane.draw_fill();
-        });
-}
-
 Image NodeStrokePreview::render_to_image()
 {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> _lock(s_render_mutex);
diff --git a/src/node_stroke_preview.h b/src/node_stroke_preview.h
index a809ecd1..163fe22b 100644
--- a/src/node_stroke_preview.h
+++ b/src/node_stroke_preview.h
@@ -74,20 +74,6 @@ public:
         bool copy_stroke_destination,
         float zoom,
         const glm::vec2& size);
-    pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassSequenceRequest make_stroke_draw_immediate_pass_sequence_request(
-        Stroke& stroke,
-        Stroke& dual_stroke,
-        const Brush& brush,
-        const pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewPassOrchestrationPlan& pass_orchestration,
-        std::shared_ptr<Brush> dual_brush,
-        bool copy_stroke_destination,
-        float zoom,
-        const glm::vec2& size);
-    pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixExecutionRequest make_stroke_draw_mix_execution_request(
-        const pp::panopainter::LegacyNodeStrokePreviewMixPassPlan& mix_pass,
-        gl_state& gl,
-        const glm::vec2& bb_min,
-        const glm::vec2& bb_sz);
     void draw_stroke();
     void draw_stroke_immediate();
     Image render_to_image();